如何分辨出可数名词和不可数名次,

如何分辨出可数名词和不可数名次,
如何分辨出可数名词和不可数名次,

如何分辨出可数名词和不可数名次,
不知道你是初中生,还是高中生,下面的资料几乎全面讲述了可数名词和不可数名词,如果是高中生,相信会收获颇丰的,如果是初中生,就适当选择阅读.名词是表示人或物的名称的词,可分为普通名词和专有名词两大类.普通名词由表示某一类人或物的个体的个体名词、表示由若干个体组成的集合体的集体名词、表示无法分为个体的实物的物质名词、以及表示性质、行为、状态、感情等抽象概念的抽象名词组成；专有名词则是个人、地方、机构、组织等所专有的名称.1.1 可数名词与不可数名词(Countable nouns and uncountable nouns) 从词的形式来看,英语名词分为可数名词与不可数名词.可数与不可数是英语名词的最基本类别.一般说来,个体名词是可数名词；物质名词、抽象名词和专有名词是不可数名词；集体名词则有的可数,有的不可数.1.1.1 可数名词与不可数名词(Countable nouns and uncountable nouns) a.可数名词有单、复数形式,单数形式可用a/ an; 不可数名词没有复数形式,单数形式前不用a/ an,但可用the或不用.例如：Tom is a little boy.There are 20 boys in our class.Fish and poultry are usually not called meat.I'll pay for the meat.b.名词的数影响句子中与之有关的谓语动词、限定词等.例如：There are many/ some/ a lot of/ (a) few people in the park.There are not many/ any people in the park.There is much/ some/ a lot of/ (a) little/ a great deal of/ a fair amount of water.There is not much/ any water.c.下列名词常用作不可数名词：accommodation,advice,baggage,behavior,bread,cash,cloth,clothing,coal,equipment,fun,furniture,grass,harm,information,ink,knowledge,labour,laughter,leisure,luck,lightning,living,luggage,machinery,meat,money,news,paper,permission,popularity,progress,rice,scenery,soap,sugar,tea,traffic,travel,trouble,thunder,weather,work等.1.1.2 可数名词与不可数名词之间的相互转化(Conversion of uncountable into countable and countable into uncountable) 可数名词与不可数名词在一定条件下可以相互转化.a.物质名词一般是不可数的,但用来表示具体、个别事物,或表示各种不同品种时,通常是可数的,如different coffees,various soaps.再看以下例子：Do you care for tea?Long-jing is a well-known tea.We were not allowed to buy wine at lunch time.I like wines.b.抽象名词一般是不可数的,但当它前后有修饰语表示"某一种"或"某一方面"的抽象概念时,其前可加a/ an.例如：A good map would be a help.It was a relief to sit down.He had a good knowledge of mathematics.c.某些物质名词或抽象名词用作复数时,词义往往起变化.例如：Light（光）travels faster than sound.The lights（灯）are on.He is a teacher of five years' experience（经验）.He is relating to us his experiences（经历）as an explorer.d.有些集体名词,如audience,committee,class,couple,crew,family,team,government,jury,party,public等,既可作单数,又可作复数.把集体视为一个整体时,用作单数；指该集体 的各个成员时,用作复数.例如：The audience is enormous.The audience are enjoying every minute of the play.His family is small.My family are all doctors.1.2 复数(Plural) 1.2.1 英语名词的复数构成(Formation of the plural of English nouns) a.英语可数名词的规则复数形式,是在词尾加-s.例如：desks,maps,lakes,workers,fields,days,miles,pages,horses b.如词尾为ch,sh,ss或x,在词尾加-es.例如：church→churches,bush→bushes,class→classes,box→boxes c.如词尾为-f或-fe,一般变为-ves; 有的加-s即可；而有的 则既可变为-ves,又可只加-s.例如：calf→calves,half→halves,knife→knives,leaf→leaves,life→lives,loaf→loaves,self→selves,shelf→shelves,thief→thieves,wife→wives,wolf→wolves; belief→beliefs,chief→chiefs,roof→roofs,safe→safes,handkerchief→handkerchiefs； hoof→hooves/ hoofs,scarf→scarves/ scarfs,wharf→wharves/ wharfs d.如词尾为-y,则变y为i,再加-es.例如：party→parties,factory→factories,family→families e.如词尾为o,有的加-es；有的加-s；有的则既可加-es,又可只加-s.例如：echo→echoes,hero→heroes,potato→potatoes,tomato→tomatoes; radio→radios,piano→pianos,photo→photos,zoo→zoos; buffalo→buffalo(e)s,cargo→cargo(e)s,mosquito→mosquito(e)s,volcano→volcano(e)s f.表示字母、数字及其它词类的复数时,词尾常加-'s,有时只加-s.例如：Her J's look like T's.Since the beginning of the 90's,the town has changed a lot.Don't interrupt me with your buts.g.一些不规则变化的名词复数形式：child→children,foot→feet,goose→gees