英语翻译题元理论在现代句法学和语义学研究中有着相当重要的地位和影响.这一术语起源于20世纪50年代配价语法的问世,其认为,句子是对事件的称名,句子中心是谓词,题元在句子中由名词性

英语翻译题元理论在现代句法学和语义学研究中有着相当重要的地位和影响.这一术语起源于20世纪50年代配价语法的问世,其认为,句子是对事件的称名,句子中心是谓词,题元在句子中由名词性
英语翻译
题元理论在现代句法学和语义学研究中有着相当重要的地位和影响.这一术语起源于20世纪50年代配价语法的问世,其认为,句子是对事件的称名,句子中心是谓词,题元在句子中由名词性成分充当,它受动词的支配,其数目称为动词的价,动词提供配价,题元满足动词的配价要求.因此只要对动词进行配价描写和分类,再用相应的题元与动词匹配,就可以生成句子了.美国学者Ch．Fillmore和J．Gruber提出的表示述语同与之相关的名词短语之间语义关系的语义角色.,是把题元看作动词支配的语义类概念,实际上就是动词词汇(情景一事件)对题元的一种语义规定,他们用的术语是“语义格”,用以描述和预测参与者角色和语法关系之间的联系,有效地探索句法和语义接口的问题.上世纪70年代中期后,题元理论以及用该理论对语言现象进行分析成为现代语言学的一大热点,上世纪80年代初提出的“管辖与约束”理论对题元理论的引进是形成这种热潮的原动力.美国学者N．Chomsky的转换生成语法以研究句子的生成为目的,他试图把语言能力描述为一个形式化的推衍系统.在描述被动句式的生成时使用了题元理论、题元准则,研究各词之间的关系,并且引进了格理论和题元角色理论等来解释被动句的产生：被动旬的产生是一个动词被动化和名词词组提升的过程.这一过程一般被称为句法上的被动化,具体来说就是及物动词经历了一个构词过程(动词的被动化)而变成一个被动动词,被动态动词的形成改变了原来及物动词的语义关系即题元关系.这对俄语的典型被动句结构的衍生具有一定的解释力,也为俄语被动句的题元结构研究提供了可靠的理论依据.
国内俄语学界对被动句的研究主要集中在被动句的功能和功能语体属性上,多是对俄罗斯语言学家们研究的补充和延续,或是对俄汉被动结构对比的分析上.例如,张会森的《被动句的功能与使用问题》对俄语被动句进行了详细的分类说明.赵敏善的《俄汉语中的被动句》则是在俄汉对比的角度上来阐述的,王利众就俄汉科学语言中的被动句的表达及类型进行了详细地研究,而利用题元结构理论来解释分析被动句的语义生成则较少涉及.近年来,彭玉海在其著述中以题元结构变异理论来解释俄语动词被动态的产生.他认为带词缀“-cя”的反使役动词跟原来的及物动词相比,词义发生的变化是题元结构变异的结果,“被动化过程就是把符合条件的及物动词(本已有)的域外论元抑制住,使其无法投射到句子的论元位置上.

英语翻译题元理论在现代句法学和语义学研究中有着相当重要的地位和影响.这一术语起源于20世纪50年代配价语法的问世,其认为,句子是对事件的称名,句子中心是谓词,题元在句子中由名词性
题元理论在现代句法学和语义学研究中有着相当重要的地位和影响.
Topic yuan theory in modern sentence semantic study of law and is quite important status and influence.
这一术语起源于20世纪50年代配价语法的问世,其认为,句子是对事件的称名.
This is a term originated in the 1950s the advent of valence, they think, sentence is the name of events said.
句子中心是谓词,题元在句子中由名词性成分充当,
Sentence center is predicate, topic sentences yuan in nominal element ACTS as, by
它受动词的支配,其数目称为动词的价,动词提供配价,题元满足动词的配价要求.
It is influenced by the number of the verb domination, called the verb valence, verb valence, questions provided $verb valence meet requirements.
因此只要对动词进行配价描写和分类,再用相应的题元与动词匹配,就可以生成句子了.
So as long as valence verbs to describe and classification, reoccupy corresponding question yuan and verbs, can generate sentence match.
美国学者Ch．Fillmore和J．Gruber提出的表示述语同与之相关的名词短语之间语义关系的语义角色.,是把题元看作动词支配的语义类概念,实际上就是动词词汇(情景一事件)对题元的一种语义规定,他们用的术语是“语义格”,用以描述和预测参与者角色和语法关系之间的联系,有效地探索句法和语义接口的问题.
American scholars Ch. J.G ruber Fillmore and put forward with the said predicate noun phrases relating semantic relationship between semantic role of the topic., is $dominated as verbs semantic groups concept, is actually verbs vocabulary (scene of an event to question yuan) a semantic rules, they used the term is "semantic case" used to describe and forecasting participants roles and grammatical relations connection between effectively explore syntactic and semantic interface problems.
上世纪70年代中期后,题元理论以及用该理论对语言现象进行分析成为现代语言学的一大热点,上世纪80年代初提出的“管辖与约束”理论对题元理论的引进是形成这种热潮的原动力.
In the mid 1970s, questions after using this theory and the theory of $analysis of linguistic phenomenon a hotspot become modern linguistics, in the early 1980s put forward "jurisdiction and restraint" theory of topic yuan is formed with the introduction of the theory of the impulsion of the boom.
美国学者N．Chomsky的转换生成语法以研究句子的生成为目的,他试图把语言能力描述为一个形式化的推衍系统.
American scholars N.C homsky conversion to research the generative grammar, the life of a sentence as he tried to be objective language ability described as a formalized push yan system.
在描述被动句式的生成时使用了题元理论、题元准则,研究各词之间的关系,并且引进了格理论和题元角色理论等来解释被动句的产生：被动旬的产生是一个动词被动化和名词词组提升的过程.
In describing the passive generated using topic yuan theory, topic yuan standard, research the relationship between each word, and introduced the lattice theory and topic yuan role theory to explain the generation: passive sentences of passive ten-day passivization produced is a verb and noun phrase process of ascension.
这一过程一般被称为句法上的被动化,具体来说就是及物动词经历了一个构词过程(动词的被动化)而变成一个被动动词,被动态动词的形成改变了原来及物动词的语义关系即题元关系.
This process is called the general syntax passivization, specifically is transitive verbs experienced a productive process (verbs passivization) and become a passive verbs, be dynamic verbs formation changed transitive verbs semantic relations problem yuan relationship is.
这对俄语的典型被动句结构的衍生具有一定的解释力,也为俄语被动句的题元结构研究提供了可靠的理论依据.
The Russian typical derivatives of passive sentence structure has to some extent, but also for Russian passive sentences topic yuan structure study provides the reliable theory basis.
国内俄语学界对被动句的研究主要集中在被动句的功能和功能语体属性上,多是对俄罗斯语言学家们研究的补充和延续,或是对俄汉被动结构对比的分析上.
Domestic Russian circles on passive sentences research focuses on the function and function passive sentences, mostly on the style to attribute the Russian linguists have studies to supplement and continuance, or Russian and Chinese passive structure on comparison analysis.
例如,张会森的《被动句的功能与使用问题》对俄语被动句进行了详细的分类说明.
For example, the ZhangHuiSen passive sentences function and use of Russian passive sentences of the classification of the detailed instructions.
赵敏善的《俄汉语中的被动句》则是在俄汉对比的角度上来阐述的,王利众就俄汉科学语言中的被动句的表达及类型进行了详细地研究,而利用题元结构理论来解释分析被动句的语义生成则较少涉及.
The Russian and Chinese ZhaoMinShan passive sentences "are the Russian and Chinese contrast in the Angle of the expatiation of the WangLiZhong will come, Russian and Chinese scientific language to express and the passive sentences the types of detailed study, and the use of topic yuan structure analysis theory to explain the semantic generation is passive sentences with little.
近年来,彭玉海在其著述中以题元结构变异理论来解释俄语动词被动态的产生.
In recent years, PengYuHai in its writing in question yuan structure theory to explain variations produced by dynamic Russian verbs.
他认为带词缀“-cя”的反使役动词跟原来的及物动词相比,词义发生的变化是题元结构变异的结果,“被动化过程就是把符合条件的及物动词(本已有)的域外论元抑制住,使其无法投射到句子的论元位置上.
He thinks that take affix "- c against causatives я" with the original transitive verbs, meaning than the changes of variation is topic yuan structure result, "passivization process is to meet the conditions of the transitive verbs (has) of the theory of foreignfiction suppress, make its $cannot be projected onto a sentence of yuan position.